Turbulent Combustion

Cover......Page 1
About......Page 2
Turbulent combustion......Page 4
0521660823......Page 5
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
1.1 What Is Specific about Turbulence with Combustion?......Page 18
1.2 Statistical Description of Turbulent Flows......Page 22
1.3 Navier–Stokes Equations and Turbulence Models......Page 27
1.4 Two-Point Velocity Correlations and Turbulent Scales......Page 30
1.5 Balance Equations for Reactive Scalars......Page 35
1.6 Chemical Reaction Rates and Multistep Asymptotics......Page 39
1.7 Moment Methods for Reactive Scalars......Page 46
1.8 Dissipation and Scalar Transport of Nonreacting and Linearly Reacting Scalars......Page 47
1.9 The Eddy-Break-Up and the Eddy Dissipation Models......Page 50
1.10 The Pdf Transport Equation Model......Page 52
1.11 The Laminar Flamelet Concept......Page 59
1.12 The Concept of Conditional Moment Closure......Page 70
1.13 The Linear Eddy Model......Page 72
1.14 Combustion Models Used in Large Eddy Simulation......Page 74
1.15 Summary of Turbulent Combustion Models......Page 80
2.1 Introduction......Page 83
2.2 Laminar and Turbulent Burning Velocities......Page 86
2.3 Regimes in Premixed Turbulent Combustion......Page 95
2.4 The Bray–Moss–Libby Model and the Coherent Flame Model......Page 104
2.5 The Level Set Approach for the Corrugated Flamelets Regime......Page 108
2.6 The Level Set Approach for the Thin Reaction Zones Regime......Page 121
2.7 A Common Level Set Equation for Both Regimes......Page 124
2.8 Modeling Premixed Turbulent Combustion Based on the Level Set Approach......Page 126
2.9 Equations for the Mean and the Variance of G......Page 131
2.10 The Turbulent Burning Velocity......Page 136
2.11 A Model Equation for the Flame Surface Area Ratio......Page 144
2.12 Effects of Gas Expansion on the Turbulent Burning Velocity......Page 154
2.13 Laminar Flamelet Equations for Premixed Combustion......Page 163
2.14 Flamelet Equations in Premixed Turbulent Combustion......Page 169
2.15 The Presumed Shape Pdf Approach......Page 173
2.16 Numerical Calculations of One-Dimensional and Multidimensional Premixed Turbulent Flames......Page 174
2.17 A Numerical Example Using the Presumed Shape Pdf Approach......Page 179
2.18 Concluding Remarks......Page 185
3.1 Introduction......Page 187
3.2 The Mixture Fraction Variable......Page 189
3.3 The Burke–Schumann and the Equilibrium Solutions......Page 193
3.4 Nonequilibrium Flames......Page 195
3.5 Numerical and Asymptotic Solutions of Counterflow Diffusion Flames......Page 203
3.6 Regimes in Nonpremixed Turbulent Combustion......Page 207
3.7 Modeling Nonpremixed Turbulent Combustion......Page 211
3.8 The Presumed Shape pdf Approach......Page 213
3.9 Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames......Page 215
3.10 Experimental Data from Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames......Page 220
3.11 Laminar Flamelet Equations for Nonpremixed Combustion......Page 224
3.12 Flamelet Equations in Nonpremixed Turbulent Combustion......Page 229
3.13 Steady versus Unsteady Flamelet Modeling......Page 236
3.14 Predictions of Reactive Scalar Fields and Pollutant Formation in Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames......Page 239
3.15 Combustion Modeling of Gas Turbines, Burners, and Direct Injection Diesel Engines......Page 246
3.16 Concluding Remarks......Page 252
4.1 Introduction......Page 254
4.2 Lifted Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames......Page 255
4.3 Triple Flames as a Key Element of Partially Premixed Combustion......Page 262
4.4 Modeling Turbulent Flame Propagation in Partially Premixed Systems......Page 268
4.5 Numerical Simulation of Lift-Off Heights in Turbulent Jet Flames......Page 272
4.6 Scaling of the Lift-Off Height......Page 275
4.7 Concluding Remarks......Page 278
Glossary......Page 282
Bibliography......Page 284
Author Index......Page 312