Intellectual Property, 7th Edition

Cover......Page 1
Intellectual property......Page 2
Brief contents......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
Table of cases......Page 13
Table of legislation......Page 39
Glossary......Page 54
Table of abbreviations......Page 58
Law reports references, etc......Page 59
 Introduction......Page 62
What is intellectual property law?......Page 64
Nature of intellectual property......Page 71
Cross-cutting themes......Page 75
Practical considerations......Page 79
Commercial exploitation of intellectual property......Page 83
Framework for description of rights......Page 86
Copyright and related rights......Page 90
What is copyright?......Page 92
Brief history......Page 94
Copyright and its relationship to other intellectualproperty rights......Page 97
Copyright as a means of exploiting a work......Page 98
Introduction......Page 100
Original literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works......Page 102
Sound recordings, films or broadcasts......Page 123
Typographical arrangements of published editions......Page 127
Qualification......Page 129
Duration of copyright......Page 131
Publication right......Page 141
Introduction......Page 144
Authorship......Page 145
Ownership......Page 150
Dealing with copyright......Page 160
Collecting societies......Page 168
Licensing schemes......Page 169
Compulsory licences and licences as of right......Page 173
Copyright tribunal......Page 174
Moral rights......Page 176
Right to be identified as the author or director of a work (the ‘paternity right’)......Page 178
Right to object to derogatory treatment of the work......Page 184
False attribution of a work......Page 190
Right to privacy in photographs and films......Page 193
Duration and transmission on death......Page 194
Consent and waiver......Page 195
Remedies......Page 196
Artists’ resale right......Page 197
The acts restricted by copyright......Page 201
Authorising infringement of copyright......Page 227
Secondary infringements of copyright......Page 230
Remedies for infringement of copyright......Page 234
Criminal offences......Page 249
Introduction......Page 256
Copyright owner authorised or consented to the act......Page 257
Acquiescence, delay and estoppel......Page 259
Public interest......Page 261
Non-derogation from grant......Page 263
The permitted acts......Page 264
General, including fair dealing......Page 265
Visual impairment......Page 274
Education......Page 277
Libraries and archives......Page 280
Public administration......Page 281
Designs, typefaces and works in electronic form......Page 282
Miscellaneous – other works......Page 283
Adaptations......Page 285
Summary......Page 286
Introduction......Page 300
Copyright protection for computer programs......Page 302
Computer programs – basic position......Page 303
Literal copying of computer programs......Page 306
Non-literal copying of computer programs......Page 309
Making an adaptation......Page 320
Permitted acts in relation to computer programs......Page 321
Computer programming languages......Page 328
Databases......Page 330
Computer-generated works......Page 345
Circumvention of protection measures......Page 347
Electronic rights management information......Page 351
Satellite broadcasting......Page 352
Scientific discoveries, genetic sequences and formulae......Page 355
Introduction......Page 358
Rights granted by the copyright, designs and patentsact 1988 as enacted
......Page 359
Rights in performances – present position
......Page 360
Common ground
......Page 362
Performers’ non-property rights
......Page 365
Performers’ property rights
......Page 366
Performers’ moral rights
......Page 369
Recording rights
......Page 372
Offences
......Page 374
Summary
......Page 375
Introduction
......Page 382
Development of the law of breach of confidence
......Page 383
The modern law of breach of confidence
......Page 386
Confidential quality
......Page 389
Obligation of confidence
......Page 401
Unauthorised use
......Page 415
Remedies
......Page 417
Introduction
......Page 424
Brief historical perspective
......Page 427
Justification for patent rights
......Page 428
Practical considerations
......Page 434
Introduction
......Page 457
Sufficiency......Page 458
Basic requirements......Page 460
Novelty......Page 461
Inventive step......Page 473
Industrial application......Page 486
Exclusions in s 1(2)......Page 488
Computer programs......Page 492
Exclusions in s 1(3)......Page 505
Surgery, therapy and diagnosis of the human or animal body......Page 509
Ownership of patents......Page 511
Dealing in patents......Page 519
Licences as of right......Page 520
Compulsory licences......Page 522
Safety and security......Page 526
Crown use......Page 527
Introduction......Page 529
Choice of court......Page 530
Non-binding opinions......Page 531
Infringement......Page 533
Interpretation of claims......Page 536
Declaration of non-infringement......Page 546
Evidence......Page 547
Remedies......Page 549
Assessment of damages......Page 555
Criminal offences......Page 559
Defences......Page 561
Groundless threats of infringement proceedings......Page 567
Revocation of patents......Page 571
Design law......Page 578
Introduction......Page 580
Brief history of design law up to 2001......Page 582
Community design and the uk registered design......Page 583
Design right......Page 586
Community design, the uk registered design and the uk unregistered design right......Page 587
Uk unregistered design right and copyright......Page 588
Particular examples......Page 590
Ownership – differences between rights......Page 592
International aspects......Page 594
Community design......Page 595
Requirements for protection (rcd and ucd)......Page 597
Exclusions from the community design......Page 599
Entitlement to a community design......Page 601
Dealing with the community design......Page 602
Rights and infringement......Page 604
Limitations and defences......Page 605
Remedies......Page 607
Offences......Page 609
Registration of community design......Page 610
Invalidity and surrender......Page 613
Jurisdiction......Page 616
Brief history of the uk registered design......Page 619
Implementation of the directive......Page 620
Requirements for registrability......Page 623
Registration......Page 632
Cancellation and invalidity......Page 633
Duration......Page 634
Ownership and dealing with registered designs......Page 635
Infringement and exceptions......Page 638
Remedies......Page 640
Groundless threats of infringement proceedings......Page 641
Offences......Page 642
Crown use and secrecy provisions......Page 643
Introduction......Page 644
Subsistence of right......Page 645
Originality......Page 648
Qualification......Page 655
Exceptions......Page 657
Duration of design right......Page 664
Ownership......Page 666
Assignment and licensing......Page 668
Rights of owner and infringement......Page 670
Exceptions to infringement......Page 673
Defences to infringement actions......Page 674
Remedies......Page 678
Semiconductor topography design right......Page 679
Business goodwill and reputation......Page 684
Introduction......Page 686
Rationale......Page 688
Brief history......Page 689
The trade marks act 1994......Page 690
The act, the directive and the regulation......Page 692
Hierarchy of courts and trade mark offices......Page 693
Scheme and structure of the chapters on trade marks......Page 695
Introduction......Page 698
Registrable trade marks......Page 699
Capable of distinguishing......Page 700
Graphical representation......Page 702
Unregistrable signs......Page 709
Absolute grounds for refusal or invalidity......Page 710
Relative grounds for refusal......Page 732
Certification marks......Page 749
Collective marks......Page 750
Revocation......Page 751
Invalidity......Page 757
Trade marks as property......Page 759
Registration......Page 762
Introduction......Page 769
Rights conferred by registration and infringemen......Page 770
Comparative advertising......Page 781
Trade marks and the internet......Page 786
Evidential aspects......Page 791
Limitations and defences......Page 793
Exhaustion of rights......Page 800
Groundless threats of infringement proceedings......Page 801
Remedies......Page 803
Criminal offences......Page 805
Introduction......Page 814
Community trade mark......Page 815
Requirements for registration......Page 816
Rights, infringement and remedies......Page 822
Limitation of the effects of a ctm......Page 823
Applying for and registration of a ctm......Page 824
Property rights in a ctm......Page 825
Surrender, revocation and invalidity......Page 826
Jurisdiction......Page 828
International registration of trade marks......Page 830
Introduction......Page 832
Basic requirements for a passing off action......Page 834
Claimant’s goodwill......Page 837
Descriptive words and geographical names......Page 842
The scope of passing off......Page 845
The nature of the misrepresentation......Page 852
Character merchandising......Page 860
Post-sale confusion......Page 865
Damage to goodwill......Page 866
Passing off and internet domain names......Page 871
Defences......Page 875
Remedies......Page 876
Malicious falsehood......Page 877
Summary......Page 881
European and internationalperspectives on ipr......Page 884
Introduction......Page 886
Freedom of movement of goods......Page 887
Repackaging......Page 891
Goods placed on the market outside the eea......Page 894
Exhaustion of rights and disparities between national laws......Page 896
Competition law......Page 898
Article 81 – restrictive agreements, etc......Page 899
The technology transfer regulation......Page 903
Article 82 – abuse of a dominant trading position......Page 905
Introduction......Page 912
Jurisdiction......Page 913
Forum shopping......Page 922
Forum non conveniens......Page 923
Applicable law......Page 925
Appendix 1Trade mark classification for goods and services......Page 930
Appendix 2Useful internet addresses for intellectual property information......Page 932
Bibliography......Page 934
Index......Page 937